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G. Dem. Teodorescu
G. Dem. Teodorescu (25 August 1849 – 20 August 1900) was a Wallachian-born Romanian folklorist, literary historian and journalist.
==Origins, education and early career==
Born in Bucharest, he was an only son. His father Tudor came from around the Amaradia River in the Oltenia region, and had a construction business; his mother was Sultana.〔Regneală, p. xix〕 He entered primary school in 1855, later attending Gheorghe Lazăr Gymnasium and Matei Basarab High School from 1859 to 1867. While an adolescent, he began collecting pieces of folklore he heard around him, with examples from both of his parents dated to 1865.〔Regneală, p. xx〕 In 1868, a few months prior to obtaining his high school degree, he was hired as a civil servant at the Religious Affairs and Education Ministry, meanwhile working on two publications by V. A. Urechia. Near the end of the year, he left government and was hired at ''Românul'' newspaper, where he worked as proofreader, reporter, translator (until 1870), editing secretary and contributor (through 1872) and editor (until 1875). He published numerous chronicles, polemics and articles on folklore, literary criticism and history.〔Regneală, p. xxii〕 His first published work on folklore appeared there at Christmas 1869 and New Year's 1870; the two articles were meant to demonstrate the roots of Christmas in Saturnalia.〔Regneală, p. xxiii〕 His first book review appeared early in 1870.〔Regneală, p. xxiii〕
In May 1870, he began a regular collaboration with the newspaper ''Ghimpele'', which took a stance against the reigning dynasty. Writing under the cover of the pen name Ghedem, he made somewhat of a name for himself with satiric anti-monarchical poems.〔 During the first half of 1871, he was an editor there, and also briefly edited another satirical anti-royalist gazette, ''Sarsailă''.〔Regneală, p. xxiv〕 Later that year, he ventured as ''Românul'''s correspondent to Putna Monastery in Austrian-ruled Bukovina, marking 400 years since its foundation. In his memoirs, Ioan Slavici noted the valuable insights recorded by Teodorescu's reportage. Although exempt from military service as the only son of a widow, he joined the militia organized by General Ion Emanuel Florescu, rising to the rank of sergeant. In 1872, writing for ''Transacțiuni literare și științifice'', he contributed studies on folklore; translations of French romantic poetry and essays on French literature; material on the life and writings of André Chénier, as well as translations of his poetry; translations from Alphonse de Lamartine and Alfred de Musset; and a study on the origin and development of luxury in Rome. In 1874, he published his first book on folklore, ''Încercări critice asupra unor credințe, datine și moravuri ale poporului român''; prefaced by Alexandru Odobescu, it collected his studies on the topic published from 1869 to 1874.〔Regneală, p. xxv〕
In 1868, he entered the literature and philosophy faculty of the University of Bucharest. Concurrently, he took a declamation course at the Music Conservatory and audited courses on classical philology, graduating these in 1870. August Treboniu Laurian taught the history of Latin literature, while Epaminonda Francudi dealt with Greek. These classes absorbed his intellectual energy and solidified his Latinist beliefs. His planned undergraduate thesis dealt with Greek historiography prior to Herodotus. He also audited courses by Urechia (history of the Romanians and of Romanian literature), Ulysse de Marsillac (history of French literature), Ioan Zalomit (history of philosophy) and Petre Cernătescu (world history). In 1874-1875, the faculty was joined by Odobescu and Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, who offered free courses on, respectively, archaeology and comparative philology. Teodorescu would later find them influential in his work on folklore. However, he did not complete the literature faculty, being sent to France on a state scholarship by Titu Maiorescu,〔 then serving as Education Minister. He left while writing his thesis, and was accompanied by ''Junimea'' members Alexandru Lambrior and George Panu. His studies at the University of Paris took place between February 1875 and June 1877,〔Regneală, p. xxvi〕 and he obtained a degree in literature upon their completion.〔Regneală, p. xxvii〕 His professors included Émile Egger, Georges Perrot, Eugène Benoist, Benjamin-Constant Martha and Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges. He came into contact with Western folklore studies, from which he adopted a respect for texts and grasped the relationship between Romanian and other folklores. He continued gathering genre texts sent by friends from home, and sent articles to Hasdeu's ''Columna lui Traian'', as well as to ''Convorbiri Literare''.〔
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